Sanitation was the prime environmental concern of developing societies in the nineteenth century. The growth of industrial towns like Sheffield presented local and national government with three urgent problems – water-supply, sewerage and the disposal of the dead.
Water supply and sewage disposal
History:
- locating reservoirs and transporting water to points of need (cf Geography)
- the Great Sheffield Flood, 1864
- the Derwent Valley Water Board –
- Howden, Derwent and Ladybower Reservoirs
- the lost villages of Derwent, Ashopton and Birchinlee
- sewerage and sewage treatment – Blackburn Meadows WWTP
Geography/Science/Technology:
- locating reservoirs and transporting water to points of need (cf History)
- designing sewerage systems and waste treatment technologies
- post-1979 super-sewers – Hawke Street, Furnival Road
Field-work opportunities:
- Derwent Valley reservoirs
- Great Sheffield Flood tour (Strines to Blackburn Meadows)
- Blackburn Meadows WWTP
- Sheffield Energy Recovery Facility
Cemeteries

Art:
- painting and photography – historic and present-day
- architecture – surviving historic buildings and modern conservation practices
- three-dimensional design, monumental and functional
History:
- history reflected in cemetery-design, burials and monuments
- individual life-stories
- mortality rates
- the Victorian Celebration of Death
Field-work opportunities:
- General Cemetery, Sharrow
- St Michael’s Roman Catholic Cemetery, Rivelin Valley
- Burngreave Cemetery
- Loxley Cemetery
- Wardsend Cemetery
- City Road Cemetery and Crematorium (accessibility restricted)